Construction of pistons



April 24, 1934. w RT 1,956,511

CONSTRUCTION OF PISTONS Filed March 1, 1933 3 SheetsSheet 1 INVENTOR Walter Martin Aprifi 24, 1934. w, -rm

CONSTRUCTION OF PISTONS Filed March 1, 1953 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Walter Martin @411 ATTORNEY April 24, 1934. w. MARTIN 1,956,511

CONSTRUCTION OF PISTONS Filed March 1, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 i I s Patented a e. 24, 1934 l,956,5ll

FAEUENT Application March 1, 1933, Serial No. 659,205 In Great Britain January 11, 1932 4 Glairns.

This invention relates to pistons and has for its object to provide an improved strengthening means within the piston to prevent deformation of the piston head with consequent deformation of the upper half of the piston which carries the ring grooves and to prevent these grooves from becoming deformed.

According to the present'invention a strengthening element comprising a plurality of intersecting webs or ribs is disposed within a piston and between each gudgeon pin boss and the piston head.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate by way of example embodiments of the invention and in which:-

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a piston,

Figure 2 is a sectional plan looking upwards towards the piston head,

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the piston shown in Figs. 1 and 2, part of the piston wall being broken away to show the strengthening members,

Figures 4, 5, 6 and '7 are sectional plans of pistons embodying modified forms of the strengthening means,

Figure 8 is a sectional elevation of a piston embodying a further modified form of the strengthening means, and

Figure 9 is a sectional plan of the piston shown in Figure 8.

In the form illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 an internal combustion engine piston is provided, in the space between each internal gudgeon pin boss a and the internal surface of the piston head I), with a strengthening web 0 which is disposed radially of the piston and in axial alignment with the gudgeon pin boss a. The web 0 has its upper and lower end formed, respectively, integrally with the piston head I) and with the boss at and has its outer edge formed integrally with the inner portion of the piston wall d. Disposed at right angles to and formed integral with the inner edge of the radial web 0 is a second or inner web e which has its upper and lower ends also formed integral with the piston head and gudgeon pin boss, respectively. The two Webs c and c thus form in conjunction with the adjacent section of the piston wall at a strengthening element of I-section as shown in cross section (Fig. 2) whereby the force resulting from the explosion in the engine cylinder is directly transferred to the gudgeon pin without deformation of the piston or of the gudgeon pin bosses.

The invention is shown as applied to a piston construction wherein radial reinforcing ribs 1 extend from the centre of the piston head I) down the inner walls or" the piston and in this case two of such ribs or webs f extend down to the inner face of the web e of the strengthening element.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the exact construction and arrangement of the strengthening element above described as it may include a plurality of inner webs, as shown at c and e in Figure 4. The inner web 5 which extends transversely to and is intersected by the radial Web 0 may be flat, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, or may be curved concentricallyor otherwise relatively to the piston wall, as shown at e" in Figure 5. Alternatively the inner web of 7 the strengthening element may be continued beyond either or both sides of the boss and merge with the other radial ribs 7, if such are employed, as shown at e in Figure 6. In another form of construction the strengthening device may 1 comprise an annular ring g formed integrally with the gudgeon pin bosses a and with radial. webs c, as shown in Figure 7.

The gudgeon pin bosses a may also be provided on their sides remote from the piston head, with fins or Webs h in order to further strengthen the piston and in order todissipate heat from the said bosses, these fins It being disposed in planes parallel to the axes of the gudgeon pin bosses,

as shown in Figures 8 and 9. 35,

In all forms of the invention, the radial and inner webs extend throughout their entire widths to the head of the piston, and the thickness of the radial webs is less than the greatest width of the gudgeon pin bosses.

One advantage of a piston constructed as above described is that the support afiorded to the gudgeon pin bosses by the additional strengthening webs causes the gudgeon pin bosses to act mechanically in eiiect as beams, instead of can- 95 tilevers, thus preventing springing of the bosses in and consequent deflection of the gudgeon pin itself.

I claim:

1. A hollow piston having a substantially cy- 10 lindrical wall and comprising a head, a skirt, a pair of gudgeon pin bosses, a pair of strengthening elements connecting said head and gudgeon pin bosses, each of said strengthening elements comprising a radial and an inner web, each of 5 said radial webs being integrally united with said cylindrical wall at is outer extremity and with said inner web at its inner extremity throughout its axial length, each of said inner webs being spaced from said cylindrical wall, and a seill) tending inwardly from the terminating in said substantially cylindrical wall."

2. A hollow piston having a substantially cylindrical wall and comprising a head, a skirt, a 10 pair of gudgeon pin bosses, a pair of strengthening elements connecting said head and gudgeon pin bosses, each of said strengthening elements comprising a radial and an inner web, each of i; said radial webs being integrally united with said cylindrical wall at its outer extremityan'dl with said inner web at its inner extremity throughout its axial length, each of said inner webs being spaced from said cylindrical wall, and a; series of radially disposed ribs formed integral with said head and intersecting the axis of the piston and disposed at an angle to said gudgeon pin bosses, at least one of said ribs having its extremities terminating in said inner webs, and at least another of said ribs having its extremities terminating in said substantially cylindrical wall, said gudgeon pin bosses on their sides remote from thepiston head having fins or webs to further strengthen the piston and to dissipate heat from said bosses, said fins or webs being disposed in planes parallel to the axes of the gudgeon pin bosses.

3. A hollow piston having a substantially cylindrical wall with a pair of strengthening elements disposed therein between its head and its gudgeon pin bosses, each of said strengthening elements comprising radial and inner webs, each of said radial webs being formed integrally with the piston wall and one of the bosses and explston wall in axial alinement with its associated boss, and each of said inner webs being formed integrally with the inner edge of its associated radial web and extending beyond opposite sides of the latter, andspaced entirely from the piston wall, said radial and inner webs extending throughout their entire widths from the bosses to the piston head, and relatively short and relatively long ribs arranged in radial relation and integral with each other and withsaid head and intersecting the axis of said piston, a pair of the short ribs being disposed at an angle to said radial webs and terminating in one or" said inner webs and the longer ribs extending from substantially the axis of the piston to the pistonwall.

l. A hollow piston having a substantially cylindrical wall with a pair of strengthening elements disposed therein between its head and its gudgeon pin bosses, each of said strengthening elements comprising radial and. inner webs, each of said radial webs being formed integrally with the piston wall and one of the bosses and extending inwardly from the piston wall in axial. alinement with its associated boss, and each of said inner webs being formed integrally with the inner edge of its associated radial web and extending beyond opposite sides of the latter, and spaced entirely from the piston wall, said radial and inner webs extending throughout their en tire widths from the bosses to the piston head, and relatively short and relatively long ribs arranged in radial relation and integral with each other and with said head and intersecting the axis of said piston, a pair of the short ribs being disposed at an angle to said radial webs and terminating in one of said inner webs and the longer ribs extending from substantially the axis of the piston to the piston wall, and said gudgeon pin bosses on their sides remote from the piston head having fins or websto further strengthen the piston and to dissipate heat from said bosses, said fins or webs being disposed in planes par- 311531 to the axes of the gudgeon pin bosses.

WALTER MARTIN. 

